Edward was born at Windsor Castle on 13 November 1312, and was often referred to as Edward of Windsor in his early years. The reign of his father, Edward II, was a particularly problematic period of English history.[4] One source of contention was the king's inactivity, and repeated failure, in the ongoing war with Scotland.[5] Another controversial issue was the king's exclusive patronage of a small group of royal favourites.[6] The birth of a male heir in 1312 temporarily improved Edward II's position in relation to the baronial opposition.[7] To further bolster the independent prestige of the young prince, the king had him created Earl of Chester at only twelve days of age.[8] In 1325, Edward II was faced with a demand from the French king, Charles IV, to perform homage for the English Duchy of Aquitaine.[9] Edward was reluctant to leave the country, as discontent was once again brewing domestically, particularly over his relationship with the favourite Hugh Despenser the Younger.[10] Instead, he had his son Edward created Earl of Aquitaine in his place and sent him to France to perform the homage.[11] The young Edward was accompanied by his mother Isabella, who was the sister of King Charles, and was meant to negotiate a peace treaty with the French.[12] While in France, however, Isabella conspired with the exiled Roger Mortimer to have the king deposed.[13] To build up diplomatic and military support for the venture, Isabella had Prince Edward engaged to the twelve-year-old Philippa of Hainault.[14] An invasion of England was launched and Edward II's forces deserted him completely. The king was forced to relinquish the throne to his son, who was crowned as Edward III on 1 February 1327.[15]